Recipe for the thoroughly studied oscillating chemical reaction (BZ reaction), where malonic acid replaces the citric acid of Belousov’s original recipe. Some parts of the mechanism of oscillations are elucidated:
A. M. Zhabotinsky, “Periodical oxidation of malonic acid in solution ( a study of the Belousov reaction kinetics),” Biofizika, 9, 306-311 (1964).Description of the mechanism of the BZ reaction, and a set of related reactions with various reductants and catalysts:
A. M. Zhabotinsky, “Periodic liquid phase reactions,” Proc. Ac. Sci. USSR, 157, 392-395 (1964).First observation of periodic chemical waves in a homogeneous reaction-diffusion system:
A. N. Zaikin and A. M. Zhabotinsky, “Concentration wave propagation in two-dimensional liquid phase self oscillating system,” Nature, 225, 535-537 (1970).First systematically designed oscillating chemical reaction:
P. De Kepper, K. Kustin and I. R. Epstein, "A Systematically Designed Homogeneous Oscillating Reaction: The Arsenite-Iodate-Chlorite System," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 2133-2134 (1981).Identification of the simplest reaction underlying the BZ and related bromate-based oscillators:
M. Orbán, P. De Kepper and I. R. Epstein, "Minimal Bromate Oscillator: Bromate-Bromide-Catalyst," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 2657-2658 (1982).First experimental demonstration of the phenomenon of birhythmicity (two different modes of oscillation under the same conditions) in a chemical system:
M. Alamgir and I. R. Epstein, "Birhythmicity and Compound Oscillation in Coupled Chemical Oscillators: Chlorite-Bromate-Iodide System," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105, 2500-2502 (1983).Experimental demonstration and explanation of the fact that the rate of propagation of chemical waves is affected by gravity:
I. Nagypál, G. Bazsa and I. R. Epstein, "Gravity-Induced Anisotropies in Chemical Waves," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108, 3635-3640 (1986).Discovery that coupling chemical oscillators can cause oscillations to disappear (or to appear) and can lead to multiple modes of entrained oscillation:
M. F. Crowley and I. R. Epstein, "Experimental and Theoretical Studies of a Coupled Chemical Oscillator: Phase Death, Multistability and In- and Out-of-Phase Entrainment," J. Phys.Chem. 93, 2496-2502 (1989).Explanation (Lengyel-Epstein model) of how patterns arise in the first experimental example of Turing patterns in a chemical system:
I. Lengyel and I.R. Epstein, "Modeling of Turing Structures in the Chlorite-Iodide-MalonicAcid-Starch Reaction System," Science 251, 650-652 (1991).Method for designing chemical systems that can display Turing patterns:
I. Lengyel and I.R. Epstein, "A Chemical Approach to Designing Turing Patterns in Reaction-Diffusion Systems," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89, 3977-3979 (1992).Demonstration that refracted chemical waves obey Snell’s Law, but reflected waves do not show specular reflection like electromagnetic waves:
A.M. Zhabotinsky, M.D. Eager and I.R. Epstein, "Refraction and Reflection of Chemical Waves," Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1526-1529 (1993).Demonstration that complex patterns can arise in realistic chemical models from the short wave instability:
A.M. Zhabotinsky, M. Dolnik and I.R. Epstein, "Pattern Formation Arising from Wave Instability in a Simple Reaction-Diffusion System," J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10306-10314 (1995).Development of a new bubble-free oscillating reaction for studying pattern formation:
K. Kurin-Csörgei, A.M. Zhabotinsky, M. Orbán and I.R. Epstein, "Bromate-1,4- Cyclohexanedione-Ferroin Gas-free Oscillating Reaction. I. Basic Features and Crossing Wave Patterns in a Reaction Diffusion System without Gel," J. Phys. Chem. 100, 5393-5397 (1996).Demonstration that Turing patterns can be manipulated and controlled by light:
A.K. Horvath, M. Dolnik, A. Muñuzuri, A.M. Zhabotinsky and I.R. Epstein, “Control of Turing Structures by Periodic Illumination,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2950-2952 (1999).Demonstration that oscillatory cluster patterns arise in a homogeneous chemical system with global feedback:
V.K. Vanag, L. Yang, M. Dolnik, A. M. Zhabotinsky and I. R. Epstein, " Oscillatory cluster patterns in a homogeneous chemical system with global feedback", Nature 406, 389-391 (2000).Discovery of inwardly rotating spirals (anti-spirals) in the BZ reaction in a reverse microemulsion:
V.K. Vanag and I.R. Epstein, “Inwardly Rotating Spiral Waves in a Reaction-Diffusion System,” Science 294, 835-837 (2001).Method for design of chemical oscillators based on elements with a single stable oxidationate: